To examine the relationship between perfectionism and sport achievement in a sample of athletes, 74 students (44 males, 30 females) from Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, participated in this study. All participants were asked to complete Farsi version of Positive and Negative perfectionism Scale (FPANPS). To measure the sport achievement, athletes' coaches were asked to rate Sport Achievement Scale (SAS). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and regression analysis. A simple positive and negative correlation was found between positive and negative perfectionism and sport achievement respectively. However, positive perfectionism was the only significant predicting factor for changes in sport achievement. Positive perfectionism is supposed to increase the level of sport achievement via characteristics such as realistic thinking, acceptance of personal limitations, flexibility, self-satisfaction, enhancement of self-esteem, self-confidence, as well as positive perception of social supports and evaluations.

The present study aimed to predict athlete burnout in terms of competitive anxiety, sport perfectionism, and impulsivity among professional athletes. 266 professional athletes from the West Azerbaijan Province of Iran participated in the study during 2011-2015. The participants completed the Athletic Burnout Questionnaire, Sport Competition Anxiety Test, Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Impulsivity Scale. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between competitive anxiety, sports perfectionism, and impulsivity with burnout among professional athletes. The predictor variables significantly predicted 44% of burnout changes among professional athletes. Sport perfectionism was the sole significant predictor variable, contributing more than the other two variables. Therefore, relevant training workshops can be organized to reduce burnout in professional athletes by helping them reduce competitive anxiety, minimize impulsivity, and, more importantly, overcome sport perfectionism.

The present research aims at studying the relationship between sport perfectionism and achievement motivation with sport success. The population were including of all athletes participating in 1-st Division League of Kabaddi, from which 144 people were selected randomly as sample. This was a descriptive correlational research. The result of correlation test indicates that there is a significant positive correlation between positive perfectionism and achievement motivation with sport success, and there was significant negative correlation between negative dimensions of perfectionism and sport success. The regression analysis also showed that perfectionism explained 51% and achievement motivation explained 48% of variance in sport success. Finally, it can be said that motivation as a progressive force can be effective in achieving high performance, and the athlete always needs to maintain proper levels of perfectionism in order to be successful.

Taekwondo athletes experience a lot of pressure during the competition, because they must attack and defend at the same time, In addition, before the competition, the stress of the taekwondo athletes increases and lose weight quickly, In this context, the maintenance of desirable psychological states and success in Taekwondo requires a set of specific psychological factors, such as positive perfectionism and psychological skills. Therefore the aim of this research was to survey the relationship between Sport perfectionism and mental skills in Taekwondo Athletes. Present study research method was descriptive – correlational, Statistic population was included all of from Iranian Taekwondo athletes participated in country championship competition. Samples were 110 males with average age of (23/60 ± 5/84) selected based on random sampling, and completed the Scales of perfectionism and mental skills. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression (inward method) tests. The results of Pearson correlation revealed that positive perfectionism was positively associated with mental skills of foundation, psychosomatic and cognition, and Negative perfectionism had the negative correlation with these mental skills (p< 0/01). Regression analysis showed that positive and negative perfectionism dimensions predict 40 percent of total mental skills variance (P< 0/05). According to the findings, it seems that dimensions of perfectionism have an important role in selecting mental skills and the level of skills which every Taekwondo Athletes uses is correlated with these dimensions.

The research is to investigate the relationship between perfectionism, selfdetermination and contrastive methods between sport teams. Research sample was the same as population (٢ ٣ ٢ persons) and were consisted of all of the athletic students. The data was collected by three questionnaires: perfectionism multidimensional (١ ٩ ٩ ٠ ), (α =٠ /٨ ٧ ), Behavioral Regulation in Sport (٢ ٠ ٠ ٨ ), (α =٠ /٨ ) and Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (١ ٩ ٩ ٥ ), (α =٠ /٨ ٩ ٦ ). The data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, Kolmogorov– Smirnov, Pearson and regression by SPSS (٢ ٠ ). There was a positive significant relationship between perfectionism (P=٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٣ ٨ ) and Concern over mistakes (P =٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٢ ٦ ), suspect about performance (P =٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /١ ٧ ), parental expectations (P =٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٣ ٥ ), parental criticism (P =٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٣ ٥ ), personal standards (P =٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /١ ٧ ), and organization (P =٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٠ ٦ ) and contrastive methods. Also, parental expectations (β = ٠ /٢ ٦ ) and parental criticism (β = ٠ /١ ٥ ) were significant predications for contrastive methods. There was a positive significant relationship between self-determination (P=٠ /٠ ٤ , r=٠ /١ ٣ ) and internal reasons (P=٠ /٠ ١ , r=٠ /١ ٥ ), coordination's reasons (P=٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /١ ٧ ), identification (P=٠ /٠ ٤ , r=٠ /١ ٣ ), adjustment avoidance reasons (P=٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٢ ١ ) external avoidance reasons (P=٠ /٠ ٠ , r=٠ /٢ ٤ ). The external avoidance reasons (β = ٠ /٢ ٠ ) was the only significant predication for contrastive methods. According to the results, perfectionism and self-determination were the contrastive methods for athletes.

Objective: Traditionally, perfectionism has been regarded as a commendable trait in the realm of sports and exercise. However, recent research has uncovered a paradoxical aspect of perfectionism in these domains. This umbrella review seeks to offer a comprehensive overview of the intricate role that perfectionism plays in sport and exercise performance. Method: As an umbrella review, we systematically explored three widely used scientific databases—PubMed, Scopus, and ISI—to identify relevant systematic reviewes and meta-analyses investigating the relationship between perfectionism and sports performance. Results: After careful evaluation, eight studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in the study. These eight eligible studies comprised five systematic reviews and three systematic review and meta-analysis publications. These publications have explored the correlation between perfectionism and sports performance in teenager and adult populations, as well as professional and amateur athletes. Most of the original articles included in these studies had a cross-sectional design and some of them were longitudinal research. All reviewed articles reported a significant correlation between perfectionism and sports performance, regardless of gender and age. In general, the main consensus of these studies is a moderate to high positive correlation between perfectionistic strivings and sports performance, as well as a moderate to high negative correlation between perfectionistic concerns and sports performance. Conclusion: In summary, perfectionism exhibits both positive and negative effects on athlete outcomes. Maladaptive perfectionism is linked to adverse consequences, while adaptive perfectionism can yield positive effects. Promisingly, psychological interventions such as mindfulness-based approaches and ACT-based interventions show potential in reducing perfectionism and enhancing athlete outcomes. Future research should delve deeper into the intricate relationship between perfectionism and athlete performance and continue to devise interventions that counteract the detrimental effects of perfectionistic tendencies.

The purpose of this study was to identify the role of perfectionism and hope in predicting the sport motivation in students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the students was Shahid Rajaee University and 282 participants (132 males and 150 males) were selected through stratified random sampling method. To measure the variables, multidimensional questionnaire of Tehran's perfectionism, Hopefulness and Sport Participation Motivation Questionnaire were used. Hypotheses were tested using multivariable regression. The results showed that there was positive relationship between perfectionism and sport-based hope. Among the variables of perfectionism and hope, only perfectionism can explain 6% of the variance of sport motivation. Among the components of perfectionism, self – oriented has been able to explain 8% of variance. Also, agency thinking component of hope can explain 3% of the sport's motivational changes. Results can be used to predict the student's motivation.